It would be best if all of the attributes (badges?) shown on the member list are available in the drop-down filter.
I agree additional filtering options would be useful at times and until that is implemented a simple workaround is:
On your member list, click the Download button
Select all text on the displayed list and copy to your clipboard
Paste that text into a new Excel worksheet
Use the 'Text to columns' feature (normally found on the Data tab) to split the text into columns (delimited by a command and using " as the text delimiter)
Filter the columns in Excel
The advantage of Excel filtering is that you can combine multiple filters and if you put your data into an Excel table then you can use all the whizzy stuff like pivot tables and slicers.